
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="zh-hans" >
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
        <title>A.3 默认函数 · C++并发编程实战（第2版）</title>
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
        <meta name="description" content="">
        <meta name="generator" content="GitBook 3.2.3">
        <meta name="author" content="陈晓伟 chenxiaowei">
        
        
    
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../gitbook/style.css">

    
            
                
                <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-highlight/website.css">
                
            
                
                <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search/search.css">
                
            
                
                <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-fontsettings/website.css">
                
            
        

    

    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    

        
    
    
    <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=no">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152" href="../../gitbook/images/apple-touch-icon-precomposed-152.png">
    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../../gitbook/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon">

    
    <link rel="next" href="A.4-chinese.html" />
    
    
    <link rel="prev" href="A.2-chinese.html" />
    

    </head>
    <body>
        
<div class="book">
    <div class="book-summary">
        
            
<div id="book-search-input" role="search">
    <input type="text" placeholder="输入并搜索" />
</div>

            
                <nav role="navigation">
                


<ul class="summary">
    
    

    

    
        
        
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../../">
            
                <a href="../../">
            
                    
                    Introduction
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2" data-path="../Praise_for_the_first_edition.html">
            
                <a href="../Praise_for_the_first_edition.html">
            
                    
                    第一版的赞许
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3" data-path="../preface-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../preface-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    前言
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4" data-path="../acknowledgments-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../acknowledgments-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    感谢
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5" data-path="../about_this_book-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../about_this_book-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    关于本书
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6" data-path="../about_the_author-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../about_the_author-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    关于作者
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7" data-path="../about_cover_illustration-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../about_cover_illustration-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    关于封面
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.8" data-path="../chapter1/1.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter1/1.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    第1章 你好，并发世界
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.1" data-path="../chapter1/1.1-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter1/1.1-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    1.1 何谓并发
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.2" data-path="../chapter1/1.2-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter1/1.2-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    1.2 为什么使用并发
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.3" data-path="../chapter1/1.3-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter1/1.3-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    1.3 并发和多线程
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.4" data-path="../chapter1/1.4-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter1/1.4-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    1.4 开始入门
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.5" data-path="../chapter1/1.5-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter1/1.5-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    1.5 本章总结
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.9" data-path="../chapter2/2.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter2/2.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    第2章 线程管理
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.1" data-path="../chapter2/2.1-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter2/2.1-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    2.1 线程的基本操作
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.2" data-path="../chapter2/2.2-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter2/2.2-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    2.2 传递参数
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.3" data-path="../chapter2/2.3-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter2/2.3-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    2.3 转移所有权
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.4" data-path="../chapter2/2.4-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter2/2.4-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    2.4 确定线程数量
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.5" data-path="../chapter2/2.5-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter2/2.5-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    2.5 线程标识
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.6" data-path="../chapter2/2.6-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter2/2.6-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    2.6 本章总结
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10" data-path="../chapter3/3.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter3/3.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    第3章 共享数据
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.1" data-path="../chapter3/3.1-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter3/3.1-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    3.1 共享数据的问题
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.2" data-path="../chapter3/3.2-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter3/3.2-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    3.2 使用互斥量
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.3" data-path="../chapter3/3.3-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter3/3.3-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    3.3 保护共享数据的方式
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.4" data-path="../chapter3/3.4-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter3/3.4-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    3.4 本章总结
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11" data-path="../chapter4/4.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter4/4.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    第4章 同步操作
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11.1" data-path="../chapter4/4.1-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter4/4.1-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    4.1 等待事件或条件
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11.2" data-path="../chapter4/4.2-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter4/4.2-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    4.2 使用future
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11.3" data-path="../chapter4/4.3-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter4/4.3-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    4.3 限时等待
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11.4" data-path="../chapter4/4.4-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter4/4.4-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    4.4 简化代码
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.11.5" data-path="../chapter4/4.5-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter4/4.5-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    4.5 本章总结
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12" data-path="../chapter5/5.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter5/5.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    第5章 内存模型和原子操作
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12.1" data-path="../chapter5/5.1-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter5/5.1-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    5.1 内存模型
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12.2" data-path="../chapter5/5.2-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter5/5.2-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    5.2 原子操作和原子类型
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12.3" data-path="../chapter5/5.3-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter5/5.3-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    5.3 同步操作和强制排序
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.12.4" data-path="../chapter5/5.4-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter5/5.4-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    5.4 本章总结
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13" data-path="../chapter6/6.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter6/6.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    第6章 设计基于锁的并发数据结构
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13.1" data-path="../chapter6/6.1-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter6/6.1-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    6.1 并发设计的意义
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13.2" data-path="../chapter6/6.2-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter6/6.2-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    6.2 基于锁的并发数据结构
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13.3" data-path="../chapter6/6.3-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter6/6.3-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    6.3 设计更加复杂的数据结构
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.13.4" data-path="../chapter6/6.4-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter6/6.4-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    6.4 本章总结
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.14" data-path="../chapter7/7.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter7/7.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    第7章 设计无锁的并发数据结构
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.14.1" data-path="../chapter7/7.1-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter7/7.1-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    7.1 定义和意义
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.14.2" data-path="../chapter7/7.2-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter7/7.2-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    7.2 无锁数据结构的例子
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.14.3" data-path="../chapter7/7.3-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter7/7.3-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    7.3 设计无锁数据结构的指导建议
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.14.4" data-path="../chapter7/7.4-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter7/7.4-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    7.4 本章总结
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.15" data-path="../chapter8/8.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter8/8.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    第8章 并发设计
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.15.1" data-path="../chapter8/8.1-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter8/8.1-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    8.1 线程间划分工作
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.15.2" data-path="../chapter8/8.2-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter8/8.2-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    8.2 并发代码的性能
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.15.3" data-path="../chapter8/8.3-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter8/8.3-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    8.3 为多线程性能设计数据结构
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.15.4" data-path="../chapter8/8.4-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter8/8.4-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    8.4 设计并发代码的注意事项
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.15.5" data-path="../chapter8/8.5-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter8/8.5-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    8.5 在实践中设计并发代码
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.15.6" data-path="../chapter8/8.6-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter8/8.6-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    8.6 本章总结
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.16" data-path="../chapter9/9.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter9/9.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    第9章 高级线程管理
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.16.1" data-path="../chapter9/9.1-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter9/9.1-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    9.1 线程池
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.16.2" data-path="../chapter9/9.2-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter9/9.2-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    9.2 中断线程
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.16.3" data-path="../chapter9/9.3-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter9/9.3-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    9.3 本章总结
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.17" data-path="../chapter10/10.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter10/10.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    第10章 并行算法
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.17.1" data-path="../chapter10/10.1-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter10/10.1-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    10.1 并行化标准库算法
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.17.2" data-path="../chapter10/10.2-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter10/10.2-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    10.2 执行策略
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.17.3" data-path="../chapter10/10.3-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter10/10.3-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    10.3 C++标准库中的并行算法
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.17.4" data-path="../chapter10/10.4-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter10/10.4-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    10.4 本章总结
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.18" data-path="../chapter11/11.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter11/11.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    第11章 测试和调试多线程应用
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.18.1" data-path="../chapter11/11.1-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter11/11.1-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    11.1 与并发相关的Bug
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.18.2" data-path="../chapter11/11.2-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter11/11.2-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    11.2 定位并发Bug的技巧
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.18.3" data-path="../chapter11/11.3-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../chapter11/11.3-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    11.3 本章总结
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.19" data-path="A.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="A.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    附录A C++11特性简明参考(部分)
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.19.1" data-path="A.1-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="A.1-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    A.1 右值引用
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.19.2" data-path="A.2-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="A.2-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    A.2 删除函数
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter active" data-level="1.19.3" data-path="A.3-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="A.3-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    A.3 默认函数
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.19.4" data-path="A.4-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="A.4-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    A.4 常量表达式函数
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.19.5" data-path="A.5-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="A.5-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    A.5 Lambda函数
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.19.6" data-path="A.6-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="A.6-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    A.6 变参模板
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.19.7" data-path="A.7-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="A.7-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    A.7 自动推导变量类型
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.19.8" data-path="A.8-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="A.8-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    A.8 线程本地变量
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.19.9" data-path="A.9-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="A.9-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    A.9 模板类参数的推导
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.19.10" data-path="A.10-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="A.10-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    A.10 本章总结
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.20" data-path="../appendix_B/B.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../appendix_B/B.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    附录B 并发库简要对比
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.21" data-path="../appendix_C/C.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../appendix_C/C.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    附录C 消息传递框架与完整的ATM示例
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.22" data-path="../appendix_D/D.0-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../appendix_D/D.0-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    附录D C++线程类库参考
            
                </a>
            

            
            <ul class="articles">
                
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.22.1" data-path="../appendix_D/D.1-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../appendix_D/D.1-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    D.1 chrono头文件
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.22.2" data-path="../appendix_D/D.2-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../appendix_D/D.2-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    D.2 condition_variable头文件
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.22.3" data-path="../appendix_D/D.3-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../appendix_D/D.3-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    D.3 atomic头文件
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.22.4" data-path="../appendix_D/D.4-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../appendix_D/D.4-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    D.4 future头文件
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.22.5" data-path="../appendix_D/D.5-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../appendix_D/D.5-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    D.5 mutex头文件
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.22.6" data-path="../appendix_D/D.6-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../appendix_D/D.6-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    D.6 ratio头文件
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    
        <li class="chapter " data-level="1.22.7" data-path="../appendix_D/D.7-chinese.html">
            
                <a href="../appendix_D/D.7-chinese.html">
            
                    
                    D.7 thread头文件
            
                </a>
            

            
        </li>
    

            </ul>
            
        </li>
    

    

    <li class="divider"></li>

    <li>
        <a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
            本书使用 GitBook 发布
        </a>
    </li>
</ul>


                </nav>
            
        
    </div>

    <div class="book-body">
        
            <div class="body-inner">
                
                    

<div class="book-header" role="navigation">
    

    <!-- Title -->
    <h1>
        <i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i>
        <a href="../.." >A.3 默认函数</a>
    </h1>
</div>




                    <div class="page-wrapper" tabindex="-1" role="main">
                        <div class="page-inner">
                            
<div id="book-search-results">
    <div class="search-noresults">
    
                                <section class="normal markdown-section">
                                
                                <h1 id="a3-&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x51FD;&#x6570;">A.3 &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x51FD;&#x6570;</h1>
<p>&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0D;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5C31;&#x5219;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#xFF1A;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x4F1A;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x201C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x201D;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x3002;&#x5F53;&#x7136;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;(&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x751F;&#x6210;)&#xFF1A;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x6790;&#x6784;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x79FB;&#x52A8;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7B26;&#x548C;&#x79FB;&#x52A8;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7B26;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E3A;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x8981;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x505A;&#x5462;&#xFF1F;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5217;&#x51FA;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li><p>&#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x6027;&#x2014;&#x2014;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x4E3A;public(&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60F3;&#x8BA9;&#x5176;&#x4E3A;protected&#x6216;private&#x6210;&#x5458;&#xFF0C;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;)&#x3002;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x4E3A;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BA9;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x6765;&#x5E2E;&#x52A9;&#x4F60;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x548C;&#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x7EA7;&#x522B;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x2014;&#x2014;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x8DB3;&#x591F;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x663E;&#x5F0F;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x5C31;&#x5229;&#x4E8E;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4EBA;&#x9605;&#x8BFB;&#x8FD9;&#x6BB5;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x8BA9;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x770B;&#x8D77;&#x6765;&#x5F88;&#x6E05;&#x6670;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5355;&#x72EC;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x2014;&#x2014;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x6765;&#x505A;&#x8FD9;&#x4EF6;&#x4E8B;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x3002;&#x5F53;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x65F6;(&#x5047;&#x8BBE;)&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x4E3A;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x83B7;&#x5F97;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x4E3A;&#x4F60;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x865A;&#x6790;&#x6784;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7279;&#x6B8A;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x7684;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#xFF1A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x662F;&#x975E;const&#x5F15;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;const&#x5F15;&#x7528;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x7279;&#x6B8A;&#x6027;&#x8D28;(&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x2014;&#x2014;&#x4F1A;&#x5728;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x8BB2;&#x89E3;)&#x3002;</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x5C31;&#x50CF;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;<code>= delete</code>&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5728;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;<code>= default</code>&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-c++"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> Y
{
<span class="hljs-keyword">private</span>:
  Y() = <span class="hljs-keyword">default</span>;  <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x7EA7;&#x522B;</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span>:
  Y(Y&amp;) = <span class="hljs-keyword">default</span>;  <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x4EE5;&#x975E;const&#x5F15;&#x7528;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;</span>
  T&amp; <span class="hljs-keyword">operator</span>=(<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> Y&amp;) = <span class="hljs-keyword">default</span>; <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x7684;&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x4E3A;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x51FD;&#x6570;</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">protected</span>:
  <span class="hljs-keyword">virtual</span> ~Y() = <span class="hljs-keyword">default</span>;  <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x7EA7;&#x522B;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x865A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x6807;&#x7B7E;</span>
};
</code></pre>
<p>&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x90FD;&#x6709;&#x72EC;&#x7279;&#x7684;&#x7279;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x6240;&#x4E0D;&#x5177;&#x5907;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x6700;&#x5927;&#x7684;&#x533A;&#x522B;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x90FD;&#x5F88;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5217;&#x51FA;&#x4E86;&#x51E0;&#x70B9;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x7279;&#x6027;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li><p>&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7B26;&#x548C;&#x6790;&#x6784;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x80FD;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;memcpy&#x6216;memmove&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x5B57;&#x9762;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;constexpr&#x51FD;&#x6570;(&#x53EF;&#x89C1;A.4&#x8282;)&#xFF0C;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x6709;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#xFF0C;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x548C;&#x6790;&#x6784;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x7C7B;&#x7684;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x3001;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x3001;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7B26;&#x548C;&#x6790;&#x6784;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5DF2;&#x6709;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x548C;&#x6790;&#x6784;&#x51FD;&#x6570;(&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;)&#x7684;&#x8054;&#x5408;&#x4F53;&#x5185;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x7C7B;&#x7684;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7B26;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>std::atomic&lt;&gt;</code>&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x6A21;&#x677F;(&#x89C1;5.2.6&#x8282;)&#xFF0C;&#x4E3A;&#x67D0;&#x79CD;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x539F;&#x5B50;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x4EC5;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;<code>=default</code>&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x8BA9;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x53D8;&#x5F97;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x2014;&#x2014;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x7C7B;&#x8FD8;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x2014;&#x2014;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x663E;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x8BA9;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x53D8;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x7B2C;&#x4E8C;&#x4E2A;&#x533A;&#x522B;&#xFF0C;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x548C;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7B49;&#x4EF7;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x7C7B;&#x4E2D;&#x65E0;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7684;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;aggregate&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x805A;&#x5408;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-c++"><span class="hljs-keyword">struct</span> aggregate
{
  aggregate() = <span class="hljs-keyword">default</span>;
  aggregate(aggregate <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span>&amp;) = <span class="hljs-keyword">default</span>;
  <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> a;
  <span class="hljs-keyword">double</span> b;
};
aggregate x={<span class="hljs-number">42</span>,<span class="hljs-number">3.141</span>};
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;x.a&#x88AB;42&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#xFF0C;x.b&#x88AB;3.141&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x7B2C;&#x4E09;&#x4E2A;&#x533A;&#x522B;&#xFF0C;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x53EA;&#x9002;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF1B;&#x6362;&#x53E5;&#x8BDD;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x9002;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x7B26;&#x5408;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x7684;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-c++"><span class="hljs-keyword">struct</span> X
{
  <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> a;
};
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;X&#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;(&#x672A;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;)&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;int(a)&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x6709;&#x9759;&#x6001;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;a&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x4E3A;0&#xFF1B;&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;a&#x6CA1;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4E0D;&#x5B9A;&#x503C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x672A;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-c++">X x1;  <span class="hljs-comment">// x1.a&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x4E0D;&#x660E;&#x786E;</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x5BF9;X&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#xFF0C;a&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x4E3A;0&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-c++">X x2 = X();  <span class="hljs-comment">// x2.a == 0</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x5947;&#x602A;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x4F1A;&#x6269;&#x5C55;&#x5230;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x7C7B;&#x548C;&#x6210;&#x5458;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4E2D;&#x3002;&#x5F53;&#x7C7B;&#x7684;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x662F;&#x7531;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6210;&#x5458;&#x548C;&#x57FA;&#x7C7B;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x6709;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x57FA;&#x7C7B;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6210;&#x5458;&#x548C;&#x8BE5;&#x7C7B;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6210;&#x5458;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x503C;&#x8981;&#x4E0D;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x8981;&#x4E0D;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x4E3A;0(&#x4E0E;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x80FD;&#x88AB;&#x663E;&#x5F0F;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x6709;&#x5173;)&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x867D;&#x7136;&#x8FD9;&#x6761;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x4EE4;&#x4EBA;&#x56F0;&#x60D1;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x9020;&#x6210;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x4E5F;&#x5F88;&#x6709;&#x7528;&#x3002;&#x5F53;&#x4F60;&#x7F16;&#x5199;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x7528;&#x5230;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x7279;&#x6027;&#x3002;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6210;&#x5458;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x90FD;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x88AB;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;(&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x503C;&#x6216;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x663E;&#x5F0F;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;)&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;(&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;)&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-c++">X::X():a(){}  <span class="hljs-comment">// a == 0</span>
X::X():a(<span class="hljs-number">42</span>){}  <span class="hljs-comment">// a == 42</span>
X::X(){}  <span class="hljs-comment">// 1</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x7B2C;&#x4E09;&#x4E2A;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x4E2D;&#x2460;&#xFF0C;&#x7701;&#x7565;&#x4E86;&#x5BF9;a&#x7684;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#xFF0C;X&#x4E2D;a&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x672A;&#x88AB;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x7684;&#x975E;&#x9759;&#x6001;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x7684;X&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x9759;&#x6001;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5199;&#x4E86;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#xFF0C;&#x60F3;&#x8981;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x5199;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740;&#x4F60;&#x653E;&#x5F03;&#x4E86;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x5947;&#x602A;&#x7684;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x7279;&#x6027;&#x3002;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x663E;&#x5F0F;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x6210;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x80FD;&#x5F3A;&#x5236;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x4E3A;&#x4F60;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x521A;&#x624D;&#x8BF4;&#x7684;&#x90A3;&#x79CD;&#x7279;&#x6027;&#x4F1A;&#x4FDD;&#x7559;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-c++">X::X() = <span class="hljs-keyword">default</span>;  <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x89C4;&#x5219;</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x7279;&#x6027;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x539F;&#x5B50;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;(&#x89C1;5.2&#x8282;)&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x663E;&#x5F0F;&#x4E3A;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x3002;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x503C;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x90FD;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;&#x9664;&#x975E;&#x5177;&#x6709;(a)&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9759;&#x6001;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x7684;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;(&#x9759;&#x6001;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x4E3A;0)&#xFF0C;(b)&#x663E;&#x5F0F;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x6210;&#x5458;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x4E3A;0&#xFF0C;(c)&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7279;&#x6B8A;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x3002;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x5B50;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3A;&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x9759;&#x6001;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4F1A;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x4E3A;constexpr(&#x89C1;A.4&#x8282;)&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x4E3A;&#x539F;&#x5B50;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x3002;</p>

                                
                                </section>
                            
    </div>
    <div class="search-results">
        <div class="has-results">
            
            <h1 class="search-results-title"><span class='search-results-count'></span> results matching "<span class='search-query'></span>"</h1>
            <ul class="search-results-list"></ul>
            
        </div>
        <div class="no-results">
            
            <h1 class="search-results-title">No results matching "<span class='search-query'></span>"</h1>
            
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

                        </div>
                    </div>
                
            </div>

            
                
                <a href="A.2-chinese.html" class="navigation navigation-prev " aria-label="Previous page: A.2 删除函数">
                    <i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
                </a>
                
                
                <a href="A.4-chinese.html" class="navigation navigation-next " aria-label="Next page: A.4 常量表达式函数">
                    <i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
                </a>
                
            
        
    </div>

    <script>
        var gitbook = gitbook || [];
        gitbook.push(function() {
            gitbook.page.hasChanged({"page":{"title":"A.3 默认函数","level":"1.19.3","depth":2,"next":{"title":"A.4 常量表达式函数","level":"1.19.4","depth":2,"path":"content/appendix_A/A.4-chinese.md","ref":"content/appendix_A/A.4-chinese.md","articles":[]},"previous":{"title":"A.2 删除函数","level":"1.19.2","depth":2,"path":"content/appendix_A/A.2-chinese.md","ref":"content/appendix_A/A.2-chinese.md","articles":[]},"dir":"ltr"},"config":{"plugins":["livereload"],"styles":{"website":"styles/website.css","pdf":"styles/pdf.css","epub":"styles/epub.css","mobi":"styles/mobi.css","ebook":"styles/ebook.css","print":"styles/print.css"},"pluginsConfig":{"plugins":["katex","ace"],"livereload":{},"search":{},"lunr":{"maxIndexSize":1000000,"ignoreSpecialCharacters":false},"fontsettings":{"theme":"white","family":"sans","size":2},"fontSettings":{"theme":"white","family":"msyh","size":2},"highlight":{},"sharing":{"facebook":true,"twitter":true,"google":false,"weibo":false,"instapaper":false,"vk":false,"all":["facebook","google","twitter","weibo","instapaper"]},"theme-default":{"styles":{"website":"styles/website.css","pdf":"styles/pdf.css","epub":"styles/epub.css","mobi":"styles/mobi.css","ebook":"styles/ebook.css","print":"styles/print.css"},"showLevel":false}},"theme":"default","author":"陈晓伟 chenxiaowei","pdf":{"pageNumbers":false,"fontSize":12,"fontFamily":"Arial","paperSize":"a4","chapterMark":"pagebreak","pageBreaksBefore":"/","margin":{"right":10,"left":10,"top":10,"bottom":20}},"structure":{"langs":"LANGS.md","readme":"README.md","glossary":"GLOSSARY.md","summary":"SUMMARY.md"},"variables":{},"title":"C++并发编程实战（第2版）","language":"zh-hans","gitbook":"*","description":"《C++ Concurrency In Action - SECOND EDITION》英文版的中文翻译版。","direction":"ltr"},"file":{"path":"content/appendix_A/A.3-chinese.md","mtime":"2022-11-19T02:54:31.279Z","type":"markdown"},"gitbook":{"version":"3.2.3","time":"2022-11-19T07:50:48.148Z"},"basePath":"../..","book":{"language":""}});
        });
    </script>
</div>

        
    <script src="../../gitbook/gitbook.js"></script>
    <script src="../../gitbook/theme.js"></script>
    
        
        <script src="../../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-livereload/plugin.js"></script>
        
    
        
        <script src="../../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search/search-engine.js"></script>
        
    
        
        <script src="../../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search/search.js"></script>
        
    
        
        <script src="../../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-lunr/lunr.min.js"></script>
        
    
        
        <script src="../../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-lunr/search-lunr.js"></script>
        
    
        
        <script src="../../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-sharing/buttons.js"></script>
        
    
        
        <script src="../../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-fontsettings/fontsettings.js"></script>
        
    

    </body>
</html>

